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目的探讨注意缺陷与破坏性行为障碍(ADDBD)儿童的自愈率、其他精神障碍发生率随时间的变化状况。方法对2005年3—4月在河南省唐河县22所小学中诊断出的182例ADDBD儿童,分别于2009年(4年)、2013年(8年)后进行随访,依据精神障碍诊断与统计手册(第4版)进行ADDBD及其他精神障碍诊断。运用χ~2检验比较分析2次随访之间的差异。结果注意缺陷/多动障碍(ADHD)、对立违抗性障碍(ODD)自愈率均随时间而明显增高(ADHD:P=0.001,ODD:P=0.003);ADHD、ODD、ADHD+ODD儿童其他精神障碍总发生率2次随访差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);患者焦虑障碍、抑郁障碍、网络成瘾障碍及双相情感障碍发生率在2次随访间差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论 ADDBD的发展呈现随年龄逐渐减轻趋势,以ADHD、ODD表现明显;ADDBD预示着后来发生情感障碍的可能性高。
Objective To investigate the self-healing rate of children with attention deficit and destructive behavior disorder (ADDBD) and the changes of other mental disorders with time. Methods A total of 182 ADDBD children diagnosed in 22 primary schools in Tanghe County of Henan Province from March to April in 2005 were followed up in 2009 (4 years) and 2013 (8 years) respectively. According to the diagnosis of mental disorders Statistical Manual (4th edition) for the diagnosis of ADDBD and other mental disorders. Using χ ~ 2 test to compare and analyze the difference between two follow-up visits. Results ADHD, ODD self-healing rate were significantly increased with time (ADHD: P = 0.001, ODD: P = 0.003); children with ADHD, ODD, ADHD + ODD other There was no significant difference in the total incidence of mental disorders between the two follow-up visits (P> 0.05). There was no significant difference in anxiety disorder, depressive disorder, internet addiction disorder and bipolar disorder among the two follow-up visits (P > 0.05). Conclusions The development of ADDBD shows a gradual decreasing trend with age, with obvious manifestations of ADHD and ODD. ADDBD indicates the possibility of subsequent development of affective disorder.