为开发稀土元素的应用,创制新型电接点材料,研制了一种含少量稀土元素铈的银铈合金。合金的制备采用银-金属间化合物的途径。铸锭经金相分析和X-射线分析确定,是以银为基和银铈金属间化合物(Ag_5Ce)的两相组织。研究了铈对合金基本物理性能的影响。发现加入少量铈后,合金仍然基本上保留了纯银作为接点材料的那些优异特性,基本物理性能和银相近,并且具有良好的加工性能和工艺稳定性。用日本Rigaku的TG(热重分析)装置研究了合金的氧化特性,结果表明,银铈合金具有与纯银显著不同的氧化性能。介绍了该合金在CHZ-1型直流接触器(32V、100A、动作40000次)和DZ-810中间继电器(直流60W;交流250VA,动作1×10~7次)上的使用情况,并与纯银和AgCdO_(12)材料作了对比实验。实验结果表明,银铈合金具有优良的导热性和导电性,接触电阻低而稳定,有一定的灭弧能力和有用的氧化特性。特别是由于铈的加入,使该合金具有特别优异的抗熔焊性能。因此,大大提高了电器的使用寿命和接触可靠性。最后在发射光谱仪上,模拟继电器的工作状态,用分光分析的方法对银铈合金在电弧作用下的物理化学过程进行了初步探讨,提出了铈在电弧中“外氧化机理”的观点。(图3,表4,参考文献3。) For the development of rare earth elements, the creation of a new type of electrical contact materials, developed with a small amount of cerium cerium cerium cerium alloy. Preparation of alloys using silver - intermetallic compounds approach. The ingot, as determined by metallographic analysis and X-ray analysis, is a two-phase structure of a silver-based and silver-cerium intermetallic compound (Ag_5Ce). The effect of cerium on the basic physical properties of the alloy was investigated. It was found that after adding a small amount of cerium, the alloy still retains the excellent properties of pure silver as a contact material basically, the basic physical properties and silver are similar, and has good processability and process stability. The oxidation properties of the alloys were investigated by TG (thermogravimetric analysis) apparatus from Rigaku, Japan. The results show that the silver-cerium alloys have significantly different oxidation properties from pure silver. The use of the alloy on CHZ-1 type DC contactor (32V, 100A, action 40000 times) and DZ-810 intermediate relay (DC 60W; AC 250VA, action 1 × 10-7 times) Silver and AgCdO_ (12) materials were compared experiment. The experimental results show that the silver-cerium alloy has excellent thermal conductivity and electrical conductivity, low and stable contact resistance, a certain ability to interrupting and useful oxidation characteristics. Especially due to the addition of cerium, the alloy has a particularly excellent anti-welding performance. Therefore, greatly improve the service life of electrical appliances and contact reliability. Finally, on the emission spectrometer, the working state of the relay was simulated, and the physicochemical process of the silver-cerium alloy under the action of electric arc was preliminarily studied by means of spectroscopic analysis. The viewpoint of “external oxidation mechanism” of cerium in the arc was put forward. (Figure 3, Table 4, Reference 3.)