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本文研究了462名大型汽车驾驶员和285名以坐姿工作为主的机关职员的腰椎X线改变。结果表明:驾驶员的腰椎骨质增生、椎间隙变窄、椎体楔变、椎间盘脱出均显著高于对照组(P<0.01);椎体楔变、椎间盘脱出有高的腰外伤机率(P<0.01);骨质增生、椎间隙变窄的发生率及严重程度与骂驶工龄有关。结果还表明:驾驶员易损的椎体依次为L_3、L_4、L_2;易损的椎间盘是L_(2～3)之间的椎间盘。作者认为,汽车驾驶员过早发生的椎体和椎间盘退变属职业性损害,是驾驶职业长期慢性作用的结果。
This article examines the changes in the lumbar spine of 462 large car drivers and 285 job-oriented staff. The results showed that driver’s lumbar hyperosteogeny, narrowed intervertebral space, wedged vertebrae and disc herniation were all significantly higher than those of the control group (P <0.01). The incidence of vertebral body wedging and intervertebral disc herniation was high <0.01). The incidence and severity of bone hyperplasia and intervertebral space narrowing were related to the length of service. The results also show that: the driver vulnerable vertebral body followed by L_3, L_4, L_2; vulnerable disc is L_ (2 ~ 3) between the disc. Authors believe that premature car drivers vertebral disc and disc degeneration is a professional damage, is the long-term driving career as a result of chronic effects.