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目的了解饮水质量与肾结石患病的关系,为肾结石的预防控制提供参考依据。方法采用以医院为基础病例对照研究方法对2013年8月—2015年8月黑龙江省牡丹江医学院红旗医院泌尿外科收治的164例肾结石患者及同期在该医院住院的150例非泌尿系统相关疾病患者进行问卷调查。结果病例组患者饮用咖啡量>25 m L/d和饮用饮料量>25 m L/d的比例分别为23.17%和18.29%,均高于对照组患者的13.33%和10.00%,饮水量≥1 000 m L/d、饮用自来水和饮用开水的比例分别为76.22%、75.00%和70.73%,均低于对照组患者的86.00%、88.00%和86.00%,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05);多因素条件logistic回归分析结果显示,饮用咖啡量>25 m L/d是肾结石患病的危险因素,饮水量≥1 000 m L/d、饮用自来水和开水是肾结石患病的保护因素。结论饮水量、饮水类型、饮用方式和饮用咖啡量是肾结石患病的影响因素。
Objective To understand the relationship between the quality of drinking water and the prevalence of kidney stones and provide reference for the prevention and control of kidney stones. Methods A case-control study based on a hospital-based method was used to analyze 164 patients with nephrolithiasis admitted to the Urology Department of Hongqi Hospital, Mudanjiang Medical College, Heilongjiang Province from August 2013 to August 2015 and 150 non-urinary system-related diseases Patients were surveyed. Results The cases of patients drinking more than 25 m L / d and drinking more than 25 m L / d were 23.17% and 18.29%, respectively, which were higher than those in control group (13.33% and 10.00%, respectively) 000 m L / d. The proportions of tap water and drinking water were 76.22%, 75.00% and 70.73%, respectively, which were lower than those of the control group (86.00%, 88.00% and 86.00%, respectively) 0.05). Multivariate conditional logistic regression analysis showed that the amount of coffee consumed> 25 m L / d was a risk factor for kidney stones. Drinking water ≥1 000 m L / d, drinking tap water and boiling water were the causes of kidney stones Protection factors. Conclusion The amount of drinking water, type of drinking water, drinking patterns and quantity of drinking coffee are the influencing factors of kidney stones.