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采用自主研发流量可控的密闭漂浮性水槽开展河道原位模拟实验,研究了挺水植物菖蒲(种植于浮岛上)与漂浮植物凤眼莲对受到城市污水污染的开放池塘水质净化效果以及系统中氮磷等污染物的归趋。结果表明,菖蒲和凤眼莲对水体藻类密度和叶绿素a削减率达到90%以上,对COD_(Mn)浓度削减率达到45%以上。经过10 m长水槽后,种植了凤眼莲的水槽水体其TN和TP浓度分别由3.71和0.24 mg/L降低至1.71和0.09 mg/L,而设置有菖蒲浮岛的水槽其水体TN和TP浓度则分别降低至2.69和0.16 mg/L。在水体N、P的总削减量中,凤眼莲吸收作用分别占84.31%和77.52%,而在菖蒲浮岛系统中,菖蒲的吸收作用仅分别占7.72%和8.55%,菖蒲净化系统中氮、磷的物理沉淀量显著高于凤眼莲组,分别达到35.26%和51.58%,但仍有57%和39%以上的氮和磷去向未知,推测可能与浮岛上生长的生物膜有关。研究结果可为选用凤眼莲和浮岛植物修复技术进行污染水体生态修复理论研究与实践运用提供借签和参考。
In-situ simulating experiment of open channel with open-flow controllable confined floating tank was carried out to study the water purification effect of open-celled water ponds contaminated by urban sewage and the effects of iris (planted on floating island) and floating plant Eichhornia crassipes In the nitrogen and phosphorus and other pollutants fate. The results showed that Acorus calamus and Eichhornia crassipes could reduce the density of algae and chlorophyll a by more than 90%, and reduce the concentration of COD Mn by more than 45%. After 10 m long sinks, the TN and TP concentrations of sinkwaters planted with Eichhornia crassipes decreased from 3.71 and 0.24 mg / L to 1.71 and 0.09 mg / L, respectively, while the sinks with iris floating islands were provided with TN and TP water bodies The concentrations were reduced to 2.69 and 0.16 mg / L, respectively. In the total amount of water N and P, the absorption of Eichhornia crassipes accounted for 84.31% and 77.52% respectively, while in iris floating island system, the absorption of iris only accounted for 7.72% and 8.55%, respectively, while in iris purification system, , The physical deposition of phosphorus was significantly higher than that of Eichhornia crassipes group, reaching 35.26% and 51.58% respectively. However, there were still 57% and 39% of the unknown nitrogen and phosphorus sites, suggesting that they may be related to the growth of biofilms on floating islands. The results of the study can provide reference for the selection and application of theories and practices of ecological restoration of polluted water by using the technique of phyllotransmitter and floating island phytoremediation.