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黄棕壤植茶以后,土壤pH下降,土壤酸度随植茶年限的增长而增大,且上层土壤pH的减幅大于下层土壤。茶园土壤的酸化是与茶树对铝和氟的生物积聚、土壤交换性铝与铝络合物的增加以及土壤盐基的淋溶有关。茶树落叶中铝和氟的含量分别高达5836—6136 ppm和469—520ppm;茶树透冠水和土壤渗漏液中均有相当多的Al和F,茶园土壤系统中铝和氟的循环,不仅导致土壤Al~(3+)及F~-的增多,还使表土的有机络合态铝以及土壤交换性复合体和土壤溶液中的氟铝络合物积聚。因此,土壤中铝和氟的积累、转化及其生物地球化学循环是茶园土壤酸化的主要原因。
After yellow-brown soil was planted, the soil pH decreased, and the soil acidity increased with the growth of tea plantation, and the decrease of upper soil pH was greater than the lower soil. Acidification of tea plantation soils is related to the bioaccumulation of aluminum and fluoride by tea trees, the increase of soil exchangeable aluminum and aluminum complexes, and the leaching of soil-based soils. The contents of Al and F in the deciduous leaves of tea tree were as high as 5836-6136 ppm and 469-520 ppm, respectively. There were considerable amounts of Al and F in the tea crown water and soil leachate. The circulation of aluminum and fluorine in tea plantation soil system not only led to soil The increase of Al ~ (3+) and F ~ - also resulted in the accumulation of organic complex aluminum in the topsoil and the fluoroaluminum complex in soil exchangeable complex and soil solution. Therefore, the accumulation and transformation of aluminum and fluoride in soil and their biogeochemical cycles are the main reasons for soil acidification in tea plantation.