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脂蛋白（a）[Lp（a）]是动脉粥样硬化、冠心病的独立危险因子。载脂蛋白a[apo（a）]具有遗传多态性，并与Lp（a）浓度密切相关。至今已发现apo（a）的11种多态型，组合形成66种表型。不同apo（a）分子量表型的血清Lp（a）水平与其分子量呈负相关。低分子量apo（a）表型与冠心病密切相关。在终末期肾脏病中，增高的血清Lp（a）水平与高分子量apo（a）表型患者肾功能不全的发生有关。低分子量apo（a）表型可预测终末期肾脏病患者动脉粥样硬化发生的危险性。
Lipoprotein (a) [Lp (a)] is an independent risk factor for atherosclerosis and coronary heart disease. Apolipoprotein a [apo (a)] has genetic polymorphism and is closely related to the concentration of Lp (a). To date, 11 polymorphisms of apo (a) have been found that combine to form 66 phenotypes. The serum Lp (a) levels of different apo (a) molecular weight phenotypes were negatively correlated with their molecular weights. Low molecular weight apo (a) phenotype and coronary heart disease are closely related. In end-stage renal disease, elevated serum Lp (a) levels are associated with the development of renal insufficiency in high-molecular-weight apo (a) phenotype patients. The low molecular weight apo (a) phenotype predicts the risk of atherosclerosis in patients with end stage renal disease.