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早产儿代谢性骨病是由于体内钙磷代谢紊乱等因素导致的骨矿物质含量的异常,临床表现为类似佝偻病的症状甚至骨折等。早产儿代谢性骨病的病因包括钙、磷、维生素D和相关蛋白摄入不足或代谢异常等。早产是代谢性骨病的最重要的危险因素,代谢性骨病的风险与胎龄及出生体质量均呈负相关。其诊断主要依靠临床表现、影像学表现、生化指标以及骨密度测定。通过合理的营养支持、适度锻炼等可以预防和治疗代谢性骨病。
Metabolic bone disease in premature infants is due to the abnormalities of bone mineral content caused by disorders of calcium and phosphorus metabolism in the body and clinical symptoms such as rickets or even fractures. Causes of metabolic bone disease in premature children include calcium, phosphorus, vitamin D and related protein intake or metabolic abnormalities. Premature delivery is the most important risk factor for metabolic bone disease. The risk of metabolic bone disease is negatively correlated with gestational age and birth weight. The diagnosis depends mainly on clinical manifestations, imaging findings, biochemical indicators and bone mineral density determination. Through proper nutrition support, moderate exercise can prevent and treat metabolic bone disease.