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从晚清到南京国民政府时期,近代中国中央银行历经近40年,伴随着立法变革的整个过程,职能逐渐趋于完善。从仅在某些银行条例的部分具体条文中体现中央银行的部分职能,进步到专门的中央银行行政法规,再到《中央银行法》单行法的制定以及随后具体的行政配套实施办法,本文清晰地勾勒出中国中央银行发展的轨迹:由复合式向单一式的演变、三大基本职能的逐步完善、缺乏独立性以及法规实施的滞后性。中央银行的这些特点对其职能的发挥都产生了极大的影响。
From the late Qing Dynasty to the period of the Nanjing National Government, the modern Central Bank of China lasted nearly 40 years. With the entire process of legislative change, its functions gradually tended to be perfect. Only some of the specific provisions of some bank regulations embody part of the functions of the central bank, progress to the special administrative regulations of the central bank, to the “central bank law” to develop a single law and the subsequent implementation of specific administrative measures, this article clearly Outline the trajectory of the development of the central bank in China: from compound to unitary evolution, gradual improvement of the three basic functions, lack of independence and lagging enforcement of laws and regulations. These characteristics of the Central Bank have exerted a tremendous influence on the performance of their functions.