目的探讨肿瘤坏死因子α（ＴＮＦα）对骨关节炎（ＯＡ）滑膜细胞增殖和ＲＮＡ表达的效应，以及ＯＡ治疗药物和生物制剂对这种作用的调节。方法分离、培养晚期ＯＡ滑膜细胞，采用ＭＴＴ比色法、放射自显影和液体闪烁技术，检测ＴＮＦα对滑膜细胞增殖及ＲＮＡ表达的影响，以及非甾体类和甾体类药物、生物制剂作用后的滑膜细胞对这种影响的反应性。结果ＴＮＦα可诱导滑膜成纤维细胞样细胞增殖，以ＴＮＦα浓度为５×１０５Ｕ·Ｌ－１作用２４ｈ最为明显（增殖率提高３７８％）；促进滑膜细胞摄取［３Ｈ］ＵＲ，使ＲＮＡ表达量增加。吲哚美辛作用后的滑膜细胞对ＴＮＦα的反应性未发生明显改变，而地塞米松和干扰素α高浓度时有拮抗ＴＮＦα促滑膜细胞增殖的作用。结论ＴＮＦα可促使ＯＡ滑膜细胞进一步变性，抗炎类药物和细胞因子对此无明显拮抗作用。 Objective To investigate the effect of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNFα) on the proliferation and RNA expression of osteoarthritis (OA) synovial cells, and the regulation of OA therapeutic drugs and biological agents on this effect. Methods The cells of OA synoviocytes were isolated and cultured. The effects of TNFα on the proliferation and RNA expression of synovial cells were detected by MTT assay, autoradiography and liquid scintigraphy. The effects of nonsteroidal and steroidal drugs, Biologic response of synovial cells to this effect after action. Results TNF  α induced synovial fibroblast-like cell proliferation, the most obvious effect of TNF  α concentration of 5 × 105U · L-1 24h (proliferation rate increased 37  8%); promote synovial cell uptake []]  UR, the increase in RNA expression. Indomethacin after synovial cells of TNF  α reactivity did not change significantly, and dexamethasone and interferon  α at high concentrations have antagonistic TNF  α promote synovial cell proliferation. Conclusion TNF  α can promote the further degeneration of OA synovial cells, anti-inflammatory drugs and cytokines did not significantly antagonize this effect.