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人类对植物品种的选育始于约1万多年前。在相当长的一段时间内,植物都是通过天然杂交和变异产生了一些符合人类需求的品种。直到18世纪,才首次出现人工培育的杂交种(石竹和烟草等),此后随着遗传学和生物统计学等相关学科的发展,植物育种也进入快速发展阶段。20世纪60年代后期出现的以小麦半矮秆育种为主的绿色革命,加上杂种优势在玉米和水稻中的推广和应用,以及农药和
Breeding of plant varieties for humans began about 10,000 years ago. For a long period of time, plants have produced some varieties that meet human needs through natural hybridization and mutation. It was not until the eighteenth century that man-made hybrids (Dianthus and Tobacco, etc.) were first observed. With subsequent developments in genetics and biostatistics, plant breeding has entered a phase of rapid development. The emergence of the green revolution mainly in semi-dwarf breeding of wheat in the late 1960s, coupled with the promotion and application of heterosis in maize and rice, as well as the application of pesticides and