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人造胶体马达是能够将不同形式的能量转化为流体中机械运动的微纳米机器.自2 0 1 2年以来,将自下而上的可控分子组装与自上而下的方法有效结合已成为可控构筑胶体马达的重要策略之一.基于可控分子组装(如层层组装)的胶体马达具有易于实现规模化制备、能够对外界刺激作出响应、便于实现多功能化等优点.本文综述了通过将各种功能性构筑基元集成到组装结构中进而实现胶体马达的可控构筑、运动控制以及生物医学应用等方面的研究进展.主要介绍了基于不同层层组装结构的气泡驱动马达的可控构筑,基于聚电解质多层膜微胶囊及纳米管的近红外光驱动马达的构筑,生物界面化马达的制备,实现对胶体马达运动速度、方向及状态有效控制的主要方法,以及马达在药物靶向递送、光热治疗和生物毒素清除等生物医学领域中的应用.
Artificial gelatin motors are micro-nano machines capable of converting different forms of energy into mechanical motion in fluids. Since2012, the effective combination of bottom-up controllable molecular assembly with top-down methods has become Controlled construction of colloidal motors is one of the important strategies.Controllable molecular assembly (such as layer assembly) of the colloidal motor has the advantages of easy to achieve large-scale preparation, can respond to external stimuli, to facilitate the realization of multi-function etc. In this paper, By integrating various functional building blocks into the assembly structure, the research progress of controllable construction, motion control and biomedical application of the gel motor is realized.The paper mainly introduces the research progress of the bubble drive motor based on the assembly of different layers Control building, based on polyelectrolyte multilayer film microcapsules and nanotubes near-infrared light drive motor construction, preparation of biological interface motor to achieve the colloidal motor speed, direction and status of the effective control of the main methods and motor in the drug Targeted delivery, photothermal therapy and biotoxin removal and other biomedical applications.