目的 :探讨脊髓髓内室管膜瘤的诊断和治疗方法。方法 :总结分析 16例脊髓髓内室管膜瘤患者的MRI表现特点 ,应用显微外科手术治疗 ,评价手术前、后神经功能状态。结果 :肿瘤位于颈髓 (包括颈延髓 ) 7例 ,颈胸髓 5例 ,胸髓 1例 ,圆锥 3例 ;肿瘤长度 2 5～ 18cm ,肿瘤一端或两端有囊肿者 14例 ,11例合并脊髓空洞。手术全切除15例 ,次全切除 1例 ,无手术死亡 ,随访 6～ 38个月未见肿瘤复发。 2例术前McCormick分级Ⅳ级者术后神经功能无恢复。结论 :MRI是诊断脊髓室管膜瘤的可靠方法 ,早期显微外科全切除是治疗髓内室管膜瘤有效的措施 ,术前神经功能状态与预后有密切关系。 Objective: To investigate the diagnosis and treatment of spinal cord myeloma. Methods: MRI features of 16 patients with intramedullary ependymoma of the spinal cord were summarized and analyzed. Microsurgery was used to evaluate the neurological status before and after surgery. Results: The tumors were located in 7 cases of cervical spinal cord (including medulla oblongata), 5 cases of cervical and thoracic spinal cord, 1 case of thoracic bone and 3 cases of conical tumor. The length of tumor ranged from 25 to 18 cm. There were 14 cases with cysts in one or both ends of the tumor. Syringomyelia. Surgical resection in 15 cases, subtotal resection in 1 case, no operative death, no recurrence 6 to 38 months follow-up. 2 cases of preoperative McCormick grade Ⅳ no recovery of neurological function. Conclusion: MRI is a reliable method for the diagnosis of ependymoma of the spinal cord. Early microsurgical total resection is an effective measure for the treatment of intramedullary ependymoma. The preoperative neurological status is closely related to prognosis.