高效的课堂,是学生自主——合作——探究——自我展示的课堂。学生最佳的学习状态是自主和自信,学生学习的最佳方式是竞争与合作。那么这种课堂是不是就不需要预设了呢?是不是不需要发挥老师的主导作用了?我认为,没有预设的课堂是放任的,也是杂乱无章的,必然也是低效的。要创造高效的 Efficient classrooms are students’ autonomous - collaborative - inquiry - self-presenting classrooms. The best learning state of students is autonomy and self-confidence. The best way for students to learn is competition and cooperation. Is not it unnecessary for this kind of classroom to be presupposed? Is it not necessary to play the leading role of the teacher? In my opinion, the absence of a pre-set classroom is laissez-faire, chaotic and inefficient. To create efficient