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目的:了解室内装修装饰材料所释放的甲醛对儿童哮喘的影响。方法:采用病例-对照流行病学研究设计,通过问卷收集50例哮喘儿童(病例组)及50例非哮喘儿童(对照组)相关信息,测定并比较两组以及不同装修程度(毛坯房、简装修、精装修)居室空气中甲醛的浓度,并分析2组儿童哮喘的症状和体征。结果:病例组室内空气中甲醛浓度[(0.130±0.041)mg/m3]、甲醛超标率(60%)明显高于对照组[(0.085±0.022)mg/m3、24%];精装修居室内空气中甲醛的超标率(50%)明显高于简装修(33%)和毛坯房(0)(P<0.05);病例组儿童哮喘刺激性干咳、大量白粘痰、呼吸困难、烦躁不安、被迫坐位、伴腹痛、听诊有哮鸣音的发生率明显高于对照组(P<0.01)。结论:居室装修致使室内甲醛浓度升高对儿童呼吸系统带来显著的影响。
Objectives: To understand the effects of formaldehyde released by interior decoration materials on childhood asthma. Methods: A case-control epidemiological study was designed. Fifty asthmatic children (case group) and 50 non-asthmatic children (control group) were collected from the questionnaire. The related information of two groups and the degree of decoration (blank room, Decoration, fine decoration) indoor air formaldehyde concentration, and analysis of 2 groups of children with asthma symptoms and signs. Results: The formaldehyde concentration in indoor air was significantly (0.130 ± 0.041) mg / m 3 in the case group and the excess formaldehyde (60%) was significantly higher than that in the control group [(0.085 ± 0.022) mg / m 3 and 24% Formaldehyde in the air exceeded the standard (50%) was significantly higher than the simple decoration (33%) and the blank room (0) (P <0.05); cases of children asthma irritating dry cough, a large number of white phlegm, dyspnea, irritability, Forced seat, with abdominal pain, auscultation wheeze was significantly higher than the incidence of the control group (P <0.01). Conclusion: The indoor formaldehyde concentration caused by indoor decoration has a significant impact on children’s respiratory system.