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野外地震数据包含各种随机噪声干扰且在空间方向常进行不规则欠采样,影响后续资料处理,存在数据重建和噪声压制问题,而大多数据重建方法只能独立进行,对于噪声压制则无能为力,对于含噪地震数据的重建效果不理想,起不到压制噪声的效果。为此本文选用多尺度多方向的二维曲波变换进行三维地震数据同时重建与噪声压制,在此过程中引入凸集投影算法(POCS),采用指数平方根衰减规律的阈值参数及软阈值算子对每个时间切片单独进行重建。在此基础上,引入加权因子策略,使得在的重建过程中减少噪声对重建结果的影响,最终实现了一种能够同时进行三维地震数据重建和噪声压制的方法。通过与先重建后去噪以及傅里叶变换处理方法的比较,表明了该方法效果显著,这对于指导复杂地区数据采集和缺失地震道重建方面具有重要的实用价值。
Field seismic data contain various kinds of random noise interference and irregular under-sampling in the spatial direction, which affects the subsequent data processing, data reconstruction and noise suppression. However, most data reconstruction methods can only be performed independently and can not do any for noise suppression. Reconstruction of the noisy seismic data is not satisfactory and can not suppress the noise. In this paper, we use the multi-scale and multi-direction two-dimensional curvelet transform to reconstruct 3D seismic data and noise suppression. In this process, the convex set projection algorithm (POCS) is introduced. The exponential square root attenuation law threshold parameter and soft threshold operator The slice is rebuilt separately for each time slice. Based on this, the weighting factor strategy is introduced to reduce the influence of noise on the reconstruction results in the process of reconstruction. Finally, a method of reconstructing three-dimensional seismic data and noise suppression is achieved. Compared with the denoising after the reconstruction and the Fourier transform processing method, the method shows that the method is effective, which is of great practical value in guiding the data acquisition in complex areas and missing trace reconstruction.