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人在热环境下劳动时,伴随有大量出汗,如果持续时间较长,身体将会丢失大量的水与电解质,致使机体缺水缺盐,破坏了水盐平衡。结果机体可因在热环境下劳动时,映水缺盐而发生热疲劳,热痉挛,热衰竭等。热环境下水盐代谢的研究各国都有很多报导,其中对补充电解质的研究已从钠盐扩展深入到钾盐、钙盐及镁盐,尤其对热环境下钾盐的代谢更为关注,提出种种看法和争议。本文对人体在热环境下的水和无机盐代谢平衡及其与热损伤的相互关系,以及如何处理补充水和电解质等问题作一粗略综述。
When working in a hot environment, people sweat heavily. If the body lasts for a long time, the body will lose a lot of water and electrolytes, resulting in lack of water and salt, destroying water and salt balance. Results The body may be due to work in hot conditions, the water shortage of salt and thermal fatigue, thermal cramps, heat failure and so on. Studies on water and salt metabolism in hot environment have been reported in many countries. Among them, the research on electrolyte supplementation has been extended from sodium to potassium, calcium and magnesium, especially to the metabolism of potassium under thermal environment, Opinion and controversy. This article gives a rough overview of the human body’s metabolism of water and inorganic salts in the thermal environment and its relationship with thermal damage, as well as how to deal with such issues as the replenishment of water and electrolytes.