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目的探讨出生体重与青少年期单纯性肥胖及血脂、血糖、血压的相关关系。方法采用整群抽样横断面调查与追踪调查的流行病学方法,对北京市193名健康学龄儿童(7～11岁)与9年后同一观察对象(16～20岁)进行出生情况调查、体格检查及实验室检测。结果出生体重与儿童、青少年期体质指数呈 U 型相关,低出生体重组(5.6%)及高出生体重组(6.1%)青少年期超重-肥胖发生率较正常出生体重组(2.8%)有增高趋势,但差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。高出生及低出生体重组体质指数均显著大于正常出生体重组(P 值分别为0.002和0.009),高出生体重组(33.3%)及低出生体重组(38.9%)青少年期超重-肥胖发生率均显著高于正常出生体重组(16.2%,P 值分别为0.025和0.020)。不同出生体重婴儿至儿童及青少年期血糖、血脂及血压水平未发现显著差异。结论胎儿宫内生长与青少年期体格生长密切相关,加强孕期营养指导有利于预防青少年期单纯性肥胖的发生。
Objective To explore the relationship between birth weight and adolescent simple obesity and blood lipids, blood glucose, blood pressure. Methods A total of 193 healthy school-age children aged 7-11 years in Beijing and the same subject (aged 16-20) 9 years after birth were surveyed by epidemiological method using cluster sampling cross-sectional survey and follow-up survey. Inspection and laboratory testing. Results The body mass index of children and adolescents was U-shaped. The incidence of overweight and obesity in adolescent with low birth weight (5.6%) and high birth weight (6.1%) was higher than that of normal birth weight (2.8%) Trend, but the difference was not statistically significant (P> 0.05). The body mass index of high birth and low birth weight groups were significantly higher than those of normal birth weight group (P = 0.002 and 0.009, respectively), high birth weight group (33.3%) and low birth weight group (38.9% Were significantly higher than the normal birth weight group (16.2%, P values were 0.025 and 0.020, respectively). There was no significant difference in blood glucose, blood lipid and blood pressure between infants with different birth weight and infants and adolescents. Conclusion Fetal intrauterine growth is closely related to physical growth in adolescence. Strengthening nutritional guidance during pregnancy is helpful to prevent the occurrence of simple obesity in adolescence.