1序言笔者记得三上章曾经谈到有一长期客居日本的美国学者常应邀用日语作讲演,但该学者从不在讲演中使用ノダ,ノダ之难由此可见一斑。ノダ长期以来不为学术界关注,20世纪90年代后有关ノダ的研究急剧增长,在对ノダ的基本理解上,目前已经开始达成一种共识。但如后文所述, 1 Preamble The author remembers that the last chapter of the Third Plenary once mentioned that a long-term American scholar living in Japan was often invited to give lectures in Japanese. However, this scholar never used Noh’s speech in his speech. No longer has long been concerned with academia. Since the 1990s, there has been a drastic increase in the study of Noordia, and a consensus has been reached on the basic understanding of Noorda. However, as described later,