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先天性糖基化异常(congenital disorders of glycosylation，CDG)是一组罕见的遗传代谢性疾病，是由于糖脂和(或)糖蛋白的形成或加工过程中的缺陷而引起。大多数呈常染色体隐性遗传并具有多系统表现，主要是面部畸形、发育迟缓、生长障碍、肌张力减退、神经系统异常、低血糖和多系统功能障碍等。血清转铁蛋白(transferrin，Tf)等电聚焦电泳(isoelectrofocusing，IEF)及质谱分析(mass spectrometry，MS)技术可以筛查CDG的某些亚型，然而目前许多亚型的诊断仍依赖基因组测序技术。少数亚型可通过治疗得到临床缓解甚至治愈，但大多数尚无有效的治疗方法。不断发展的分子、生化以及人脸识别技术可以加深对这一疾病的认识。“,”Congenital disorders of glycosylation(CDG)are a group of rare inherited metabolic diseases due to defects in the glycosylation of glycoproteins and/or glycolipids.Most of them are autosomal recessive and have multisystemic manifestations, which is characterized by dysmorphic facial features, developmental delay, growth failure, hypotonia, neurological abnormalities, hypoglycemia and multisystem disfunctions.Isoelectrofocusing(IEF)analysis of transferrin(Tf)and mass spectrometry(MS)technology can diagnose some subtypes of CDG, while many currently rely on genomic sequencing technology for diagnosis.A few subtypes can be clinically relieved or even cured by treatment, but most have no effective treatment.Development of molecular, biochemical and facial recognition techniques may deepen our understanding of this disease.