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探讨痛性眼肌麻痹的病因、临床特征、治疗与复发的临床特点。方法回顾性分析5例痛性眼肌麻痹的临床资料及其它文献报告对本病进行分析。结果（1）4例无明显病因，1例因“上感”出现症状；（2）临床特点为一侧额、颞部和／或眼眶部疼痛，疼痛数日后出现Ⅲ、Ⅳ、Ⅵ、Ⅴ1－2颅神经功能障碍，其中1例第Ⅵ对颅神经单独损害；（3）全部病例经肾上腺皮质激素治疗均于3个月内痊愈，1例半年后复发，临床表现为原患侧眼眶痛及该侧瞳孔散大，而无眼外肌麻痹。结论痛性眼肌麻痹是一种免疫反应性疾病；第Ⅵ对颅神经单独受损；复发病人可无眼外肌麻痹。
Explore the etiology, clinical features, treatment and recurrence of painful ophthalmoplegia clinical features. Methods Retrospective analysis of 5 cases of painful ophthalmoplegia clinical data and other literature reports to analyze the disease. Results (1) There were no obvious etiology in 4 cases and 1 case had symptoms due to “suprasplenia”. (2) The clinical features of the frontal, temporal and / or orbital pain were as follows: Ⅲ, Ⅳ, Ⅵ and Ⅴ -2 cranial nerve dysfunction, of which 1 case of Ⅵ cranial nerve alone damage; (3) All cases of adrenal cortex hormones were cured within 3 months, 1 case of recurrence six months later, the clinical manifestations of the original ipsilateral orbital pain And the side of the mydriasis, without extraocular muscle paralysis. Conclusion Painful ophthalmoplegia is a kind of immunoreactive disease. Ⅵ The cranial nerves are damaged individually. Paralysis of extraocular muscles can be eliminated in patients with recurrence.