现代性问题无疑是当代学术关注的重要问题,一个共识性的结论是,现代性问题作为一簇价值观念,涉及市场经济、民主政治、科技理性、多元文化等诸多方面。其中位于根基处并居于主导地位的核心点是市场经济制度的确立,它是我们探讨与现代性相关的各种其它问题的前提和基础,而市场经济制度得以运转的轴心是资本及其资本的人格化代表——资本阶层。因此,如何评价资本及其资本阶层的道德作用,就成为思想理论界众说纷纭、莫衷一是的话题,有人对之批判鞭挞,有人对之讴歌赞美。在 The issue of modernity is undoubtedly an important issue of contemporary academic concern. A consensual conclusion is that the question of modernity, as a cluster of values, involves many aspects such as market economy, democratic politics, scientific and technological rationality, and pluralism. The core point at the base and dominating is the establishment of a market economy system. It is the premise and basis for our discussion of various other issues related to modernity. The axis of the market economy system is the capital and its capital Personalized representatives - capitalist class. Therefore, how to appraise the moral role of capital and its capitalist class has become a controversial and implacable topic in the ideological and theoretical circles. Some people criticize it and others praise it. in