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目的:通过电镜观察成纤维细胞受力后超微结构变化,初步了解盆底组织成纤维细胞应力损伤后形态结构的变化特征。方法:选取北京大学人民医院因子宫良性病变行开腹子宫切除术8例患者,术中切取骶韧带0.8～1cm,以组织块法进行成纤维细胞原代培养,传代后进行细胞加载、加力,利用透射电镜分别观察应力后细胞形态变化和超微结构特征。结果:透射电镜观察细胞持续应力2h后,胞膜表面微绒毛和胞浆皱褶增多,至持续应力12h时达最多,应力24h时有减少趋势。应力2h后,可见胞质中粗面内质网增生现象,分泌泡增多;应力8h,可见线粒体增生,体积增大;应力12h,粗面内质网明显增生,甚至扩张,个别线粒体外室轻度肿胀,呈圆形、长椭圆形或不规则形;应力24h,粗面内质网增生程度较前好转,但部分出现扩张,融合。结论:应力可使粗面内质网、线粒体增生,甚至扩张,可使细胞微绒毛和胞浆皱褶增多,提示可能与细胞合成和分泌蛋白增加以及代谢增加有关,应力可引起细胞骨架的改变。
OBJECTIVE: To observe the ultrastructural changes of fibroblasts after being stressed by electron microscope, and to understand the morphological changes of the fibroblasts after stress-induced injury. METHODS: Eight patients with benign lesions of the uterus from Peking University People’s Hospital underwent open abdominal hysterectomy. The sacral ligaments were cut off from 0.8 cm to 1 cm. Primary culture of fibroblasts was performed by tissue block method. After passage, the cells were loaded, Transmission electron microscopy was used to observe the changes of cell morphology and ultrastructure after stress respectively. Results: After 2 hours continuous transmission electron microscopy, the microvilli and cytoplasmic folds in the cell surface increased, reaching the maximum at 12h and the decreasing tendency at 24h. Stress 2h, we can see the cytoplasmic rough endoplasmic reticulum hyperplasia, secretion increased; stress 8h, visible mitochondrial hyperplasia, volume increased; stress 12h, rough endoplasmic reticulum hyperplasia, or even expansion of individual mitochondrial outer chamber light Degree of swelling, was round, oblong or irregular shape; stress 24h, rough endoplasmic reticulum hyperplasia better than before, but part of the expansion, fusion. CONCLUSIONS: Stress can make the rough endoplasmic reticulum and mitochondria proliferate and even expand, which can increase the microvilli and cytoplasmic folds, which may be related to the increase of cell synthesis and secretion of protein and the increase of metabolism. The stress can cause the change of cytoskeleton .