世界遗产是一个国家话语权的体现。这种话语权不仅表现在遗产数量上,更表现在遗产的叙事和价值所表达的民族精神上。掌握世界遗产的价值论述,就是在世界范围内抢占话语权的高地,也是树立国家形象、奠定国际地位的有效途径。一个典型案例是南非罗本岛遗址。1999年,南非罗本岛被列为世界文化遗产。在联合国教科文组织的官方网站上,该项目的价值评述为:“从17世 World Heritage is a manifestation of the right of a nation to speak. This right of discourse is manifested not only in the amount of heritage but also in the national spirit expressed in the narrative and value of heritage. Mastering the value of world heritage is a high ground that seizes the right of discourse around the world. It is also an effective way to establish the national image and establish the international status. A typical case is the island of Robben Island in South Africa. In 1999, Robben Island in South Africa was listed as a World Heritage Site. On UNESCO’s official website, the project’s value review reads: ”From the 17th