论文部分内容阅读
目的 分析中国儿童结核病流行情况。方法 总结从 1979～ 2 0 0 0年全国 4次结核病流行病学抽样调查 (流调 )资料 ,并对儿童 (0～ 14岁 )结核病疫情进行分析。结果 4次结核病流调0～ 14岁儿童结核感染率分别为 8 8%、9 6 %、7 5 %和 9 0 % ;1979、1990、2 0 0 0年儿童活动性肺结核患病率分别为 2 4 1 7/ 10万、172 1/ 10万、91 8/ 10万 ,儿童结核杆菌培养阳性 (菌阳 )肺结核患病率 1990年、2 0 0 0年为 12 7/ 10万、12 3/ 10万 ,儿童痰涂片抗酸杆菌阳性 (涂阳 )肺结核患病率 1979年、1990年、2 0 0 0年分别为 7 5 / 10万、7 5 / 10万、6 7/ 10万。结合人口资料 ,估算 2 0 0 0年约有 2 6 0 8万 0～ 14岁儿童感染结核 ,活动性肺结核患儿约 2 6 6万 ,菌阳肺结核患儿约 3 6万 ,涂阳肺结核患儿约 1 9万 ,分别占同期所有病例的 4 5 %、5 9%、1 8%、1 3% ;4次流调城市及农村儿童结核感染率之比分别为 1 8、1 8、1 7、1 2。结论 1979～ 2 0 0 0年 ,儿童结核感染率并没有很大的下降 ;儿童结核中菌阴肺结核患儿占有相当比例 ;儿童结核病疫情城乡差别正在缩小 ;用常规监测数据来代替大规模流调是趋势 ;在新的、更为有效的疫苗发明以前 ,卡介苗接种仍将是我国结核病控制工作的重要内容之一。
Objective To analyze the prevalence of tuberculosis in children in China. Methods The data of 4 epidemiological sampling surveys (epidemics) of tuberculosis in China from 1979 to 2000 were summarized, and the epidemic situation of tuberculosis in children (0-14 years old) was analyzed. Results The prevalence of tuberculosis among children aged 0-14 years who received 4 TB abortion cases was 88%, 96%, 75% and 90%, respectively. The prevalence rates of TB in 1979, 1990 and 2000 were 2 41 7/10 million, 172 1/100 000 and 91 8/10 million respectively. The prevalence of tuberculosis in children with Mycobacterium tuberculosis culture positive (bacilli) was 12 7/10 million in 1990, 12 3 in 1990 / 100000, the prevalence of smear positive acid bacillus in children (smear positive) tuberculosis in 1979, 1990 and 2000 were 75,000, 75,000 and 67,000 respectively . Combined with population data, it is estimated that about 260,000 children aged 14 to 14 years are infected with tuberculosis, about 26,600 children with active tuberculosis and 36,000 children with bacillary positive pulmonary tuberculosis in 2000, smear positive tuberculosis Accounting for 19.5%, 59%, 18% and 13% of all cases in the same period respectively. The rates of TB infection among urban and rural children in the 4-year transection were respectively 18,1 8,1 7,1 2. Conclusion From 1979 to 2000, the infection rate of tuberculosis in children did not decrease greatly. Children with tuberculosis accounted for a considerable proportion of children with tuberculosis and tuberculosis. The difference between urban and rural children in tuberculosis epidemics was shrinking. The routine monitoring data was used to replace the large scale Is the trend; BCG vaccination will continue to be an important part of tuberculosis control in China until new and more effective vaccines are invented.