斯密、李嘉图等古典经济学家和熊彼特都认为技术和组织的变革及其对经济发展的影响是经济分析的主要议题。在效率前沿空间内采用古典分析方法可以发现,不同类型的技术进步通过影响工资、就业、收入分配、利润率等一系列重要经济指标,导致了技术变革前后经济长期均衡状态的差异。不同形式和量级的技术进步所代表的新生产方式,使得旧有的在位企业面对异质性的“选择性压力”或者进行自我创新(模仿)或者退出经营,进而引致企业群体规模和构成的改变,最终形成了创新扩散过程驱动的经济动态。 Classical economists such as Smith and Ricardo, and Schumpeter, both believe that the changes in technology and organization and their impact on economic development are the major topics of economic analysis. Using classical analytical methods in the frontier of efficiency, we can find that different types of technological progress lead to the differences in long-term economic equilibrium before and after technological change through a series of important economic indicators such as wage, employment, income distribution and profit rate. The new mode of production represented by technological advances of different forms and magnitudes has led to the heterogeneity of “selective pressure” of the incumbent companies either by self-innovation (imitation) or withdrawal from business, The changes in scale and composition eventually led to the economic dynamics driven by the process of innovation diffusion.