马尔库塞认为,发达工业社会总体上是非理性的。它在满足个人需要的表象下隐藏着一种新的控制手段。在发达工业社会中,个人自由、政治领域、文化领域等都被压抑和控制。而技术进步就是发达工业社会实现全面控制的新形式。 Marcuse argues that developed industrial society is generally irrational. It hides a new kind of control under the appearance of satisfying individual needs. In developed industrial societies, personal liberty, political areas, cultural fields, etc. are all suppressed and controlled. Technological progress, on the other hand, is a new form of complete control over developed industrial society.