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以黄河中游柳林段滩地自然堆积砂砾石为研究对象,通过系统试验,分别对无砂混凝土板、大粒径卵石覆盖层与剔除过大过小粒径后的黄河滩地自然级配砂砾石组合的过滤体,以及细颗粒介质、土工布、砂砾石复合过滤体的技术参数进行了分析比较,提出了满足取水流量和饮用水浊度要求的人工滤床过滤体和支撑体的技术参数。研究结果表明:无砂混凝土板具有较好的拦泥作用,但淤泥会在无砂混凝土板的孔隙中大量淤积,反冲洗后渗流能力恢复率低;大粒径卵石覆盖层拦泥过滤层的拦泥效果不如无砂混凝土方案好,反冲洗后渗流能力恢复率也较低,不宜采用;0.25～1.0mm细颗粒介质与双层土工布复合过滤体,水质满足要求、渗透系数较大,又便于淤泥的机械和水清洗,是一种值得推荐的过滤体型式;等粒径介质分层填筑支撑层过渡条件好,滤层结构、渗流更为稳定,是一种值得推荐的滤床支撑层。
Taking the natural accumulation of gravel in the beach of Liulin section in the middle reaches of the Yellow River as the research object, this paper systematically studied the effects of sand-gravel combination on the sandy beach of the Yellow River after removing the large-size pebbles and the non-sand concrete plates, , And the technical parameters of fine granular media, geotextile and sand-gravel composite filter were analyzed and compared, and the technical parameters of artificial filter bed filter body and support body to meet the requirements of water intake flow rate and drinking water turbidity were put forward. The results show that the sand-free concrete slab has a good effect of blocking mud, but the silt will be largely deposited in the pores of the sand-free concrete slab, and the recovery rate of the seepage ability after the backwashing is low. The large-diameter pebble cover The effect of retaining mud is better than that of non-sand concrete, and the recovery rate of seepage ability after backwashing is also low, which is not suitable for use. The finely divided medium of 0.25-1.0mm and the double geotextile composite filter body meet the requirements of water quality with large permeability coefficient Easy to clean the mud of the machinery and water, is a recommended filter body type; medium grain size of the support layer layered construction of the transition layer is good, the filter structure, seepage more stable, is a recommended filter bed support Floor.