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利用光束变换技术得到不同光斑形状和不同强度分布的光束,可满足表面硬化所需要的硬化层均匀性等要求。激光硬化在材料表面产生的实际效果与光强分布密切相关。利用特定光强分布的光束进行激光硬化可以得到所需要的温度场及组织分布,直接影响材料表面硬化的效果。对高斯光束圆光束、平顶矩形光束、曲边矩形光束、点阵光斑等不同强度分布的激光表面硬化(LSH)技术进行了介绍。硬化层特定的硬度分布及组织结构等硬化效果是特定光强分布激光束与材料相互作用的结果,要获得所需硬化效果,则需要利用反求方法设计与硬化效果相对应的特定光强分布的光斑。给出了特定光强分布的激光表面硬化技术的发展趋势。
The light beam with different spot shapes and different intensity distributions can be obtained by using the beam transformation technology to meet the requirements of the uniformity of the hardened layer required for the surface hardening. The actual effect of laser hardening on the material surface is closely related to the light intensity distribution. Laser beam hardening with special light intensity distribution can get the required temperature field and tissue distribution, which has a direct impact on the effect of material surface hardening. The laser surface hardening (LSH) technology with different intensity distributions, such as Gaussian beam, flattened rectangular beam, curved rectangular beam and dotted spot, is introduced. The specific hardness distribution of the hardened layer and the hardening effect of the microstructure are the result of the interaction of the laser beam with the material with the specific light intensity distribution. To obtain the desired hardening effect, a specific light intensity distribution corresponding to the hardening effect needs to be designed by an inverse method Spot. The development trend of laser surface hardening technology with specific light intensity distribution is given.