单克隆抗体已成为免疫学最重要的技术,在目前和不久的将来会有很多单克隆抗体应用于移植,既可用于诊断,也可用于治疗。这项新技术是从1979年开始的。所有淋巴细胞原始是由骨髓产生,有一些淋巴细胞到胸腺而变成T淋巴细胞。T淋巴细胞有三种亚型,即辅助T淋巴细胞、抑制T淋巴细胞和杀伤T淋巴细胞。另外免疫系统还有B淋巴细胞系统,也由骨髓产生,但不到胸腺,这些B淋巴细胞转化成能产生各种抗体的浆细胞。辅助细胞可引起B细胞产生更多的抗体,而抑制细胞使B细胞产生的抗体减少,所以辅助细胞和抑制细胞成为调节系统,在B细胞产 Monoclonal antibodies have become the most important immunological technology, in the present and in the near future there will be a lot of monoclonal antibodies used in transplantation, both for diagnosis, but also for treatment. This new technology started in 1979. All lymphocytes are originally produced by the bone marrow, some of the lymphocytes to the thymus and into T lymphocytes. There are three subtypes of T lymphocytes, namely, helper T lymphocytes, T lymphocytes and killer T lymphocytes. In addition the immune system also B lymphocyte system, also produced by the bone marrow, but less than the thymus, these B lymphocytes into plasma cells can produce a variety of antibodies. Auxiliary cells can cause B cells to produce more antibodies, and inhibit cells to B cells to reduce the production of antibodies, so helper cells and inhibit the cells to become regulatory system in B cell production