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目的探讨蜂胶总黄酮(TFP)对四氧嘧啶(ALX)糖尿病模型大鼠降血糖作用及其机制。方法采用四氧嘧啶(150 mg·kg-1)腹腔注射法建立糖尿病大鼠模型,根据血糖值随机分为模型对照组、蜂胶总黄酮高剂量组(240 mg·kg-1)、蜂胶总黄酮中剂量组(120 mg·kg-1)和蜂胶总黄酮低剂量组(60 mg·kg-1),并将同批未经上述处理的大鼠作为正常对照组,每组10只大鼠。期间蜂胶总黄酮高、中、低剂量组每天灌胃给药1次,正常对照组与模型对照组给予同体积0.5%羧甲基纤维素钠(CMC-Na),连续4周。每周测血糖1次,末次给药结束后,禁食12 h,乙醚麻醉,取肝组织测肝糖原,腹主动脉取血,检测糖尿病大鼠血清中血糖(GLU)、胰岛素(INS)、C肽(C-P)、糖化血红蛋白(GHb)、一氧化氮(NO)、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、丙二醛(MDA)、谷胱甘肽(GSH)及肝糖原水平。结果与正常对照组大鼠比较,模型对照组大鼠血糖、糖化血红蛋白、一氧化氮及丙二醛水平明显升高(P<0.05或P<0.001),胰岛素、C肽、超氧化物歧化酶、谷胱甘肽及肝糖原含量明显降低(P<0.01或P<0.001)。与模型对照组比较,蜂胶总黄酮高、中、低剂量组血糖、糖化血红蛋白、一氧化氮及丙二醛水平明显降低(P<0.05或P<0.01或P<0.001),胰岛素、超氧化物歧化酶、谷胱甘肽及肝糖原含量明显升高(P<0.05或P<0.001),而C肽仅在蜂胶总黄酮高、中剂量组明显升高。结论蜂胶总黄酮可通过增加机体的抗氧化能力,促进胰岛细胞分泌功能恢复而发挥降血糖作用。
Objective To investigate the hypoglycemic effect of propolis flavonoids (TFP) on alloxan-induced diabetic rats and its mechanism. Methods The model of diabetic rats was established by intraperitoneal injection of alloxan (150 mg · kg -1). The rats were randomly divided into model control group, high dose of propolis flavonoids (240 mg · kg -1), total flavonoids of propolis (120 mg · kg -1) and low dose of total flavonoids of propolis (60 mg · kg -1). The rats in the same group without the above treatment were given as normal control group with 10 rats in each group. The propofol group was administrated with high, medium and low doses of propofol once a day, while the normal control group and the model control group were given the same volume of 0.5% sodium carboxymethylcellulose (CMC-Na) for 4 weeks. Blood glucose was measured once a week. After the last administration, rats were fasted for 12 hours, anesthetized with ether, liver glycogen and blood taken from abdominal aorta were taken from liver to detect blood glucose (GLU), insulin (INS) C peptide, GHb, NO, SOD, MDA, GSH and hepatic glycogen were measured. Results Compared with the normal control group, the levels of blood glucose, glycosylated hemoglobin, nitric oxide and malondialdehyde in model control group were significantly increased (P <0.05 or P <0.001), insulin, C peptide, superoxide dismutase , Glutathione and hepatic glycogen content decreased significantly (P <0.01 or P <0.001). Compared with the model control group, the levels of blood glucose, glycosylated hemoglobin, nitric oxide and malondialdehyde were significantly decreased in the high, middle and low doses of propofol flavonoids (P <0.05 or P <0.01 or P <0.001), and the concentrations of insulin, superoxide The contents of dismutase, glutathione and hepatic glycogen were significantly increased (P <0.05 or P <0.001), while C peptide was only increased in the high and medium doses of propolis flavonoids. Conclusion The total flavone of propolis can exert its hypoglycemic effect by increasing the body’s antioxidant capacity and promoting the recovery of pancreatic islet cell secretory function.