据统计,在越南战争期间,美军平均发射50万发枪弹才能命中一个对方士兵,而狙击步枪的命中比率是1.39:1。由此可见,狙击步枪有着一般步枪不可替代的作用。20世纪80年代以后,国外基本上都研制了现代化的专用狙击步枪,把狙击步枪列为军队制式装备的国家有数十个,而且新型狙击步枪仍在继续开发。从战术使用角度看,狙击步枪有军用和警用之分;从技术角度看,主要有半自动型和手动装填型。半自动型比手动型射速高、射程远,而手动装填型比半自动型精度高。军队狙击手主要杀伤敌战术目标,包括敌军官、侦察队、岗哨、无线电台人员、通信兵等。 According to statistics, during the Vietnam War, the average U.S. military fired 500,000 rounds to hit one other soldier, while the sniper rifle hit a hit rate of 1.39: 1. This shows that the sniper rifle has an irreplaceable role in general rifles. Since the 1980s, almost all foreign countries have developed modern special-purpose sniper rifles. Dozens of countries have classified their sniper rifles as military-style equipment, and new-type sniper rifles are still under development. From a tactical point of view, there are military and police sniper rifles; from a technical point of view, there are semi-automatic and manual filling type. Semi-automatic type than the high-speed fire, long range, and manual filling than semi-automatic high precision. Army snipers mainly kill enemy tactical targets, including enemy officers, reconnaissance teams, sentries, radio personnel, and communications officers.