人体甲胎蛋白(AFP)是胎儿血清的重要组成成分,由卵黄囊和胚胎肝细胞合成,含量可达1mg/ml以上。在正常成年人体内约3ng/ml。但成年个体肝脏损伤或患原发性肝癌时,肝卵圆细胞、肝癌细胞和癌周肝细胞可以合成AFP,使血清AFP浓度升高。这一特点已被广泛地应用于原发性肝癌的普查和诊断。近年来,揭示了人类AFP分子的不均一性,并希望能找到区别于癌性和非癌性AFP的 Human alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) is an important component of fetal serum and is synthesized by yolk sac and embryonic hepatocytes. The content of AFP is up to 1 mg/ml. About 3ng/ml in normal adults. However, when adult individuals have liver damage or develop primary liver cancer, hepatic oval cells, hepatoma cells, and hepatic cancer cells can synthesize AFP and increase serum AFP levels. This feature has been widely used in the screening and diagnosis of primary liver cancer. In recent years, the heterogeneity of human AFP molecules has been revealed, and it is hoped that differences between cancerous and non-cancer AFP can be found.