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目的 :了解吸毒人群中丙型肝炎病毒 (HCV)的流行和基因分布现状 ,探索HCV的传播规律。方法 :采集本市强制戒毒所 5 76份吸毒人员和本站体检的从业人员 2 10份血清标本 ,用ELISA法对所有标本进行抗HCV的检测 ;检出抗HCV阳性的血清进一步用特异性引物RT -PCR法进行基因分型。结果 :5 76份标本中 ,经血途径 (静脉吸毒、共用注射器 )吸毒或有输血史和用血制品史的吸毒者 ,其抗HCV检出率 ( 13 8% )明显高于经口吸毒者 ( 6 3% ) ,说明静脉吸毒、共用注射器吸毒、用血制品、输血都是感染HCV的危险因素。经口吸毒者抗HCB检出率明显高于从业人员 ,提示经口吸毒在传播HCV上具有重要意义。此外 ,本地籍吸毒者的抗HCV检出率 ( 5 7% )明显低于外省吸毒者 ( 2 7 7% )、外省有血途径感染机会的吸毒者 ,83 3%都感染了HCV ,本地有同样途径有吸毒者 ,仅有 8 6%感染了HCV ;这可能与外省有关城市的高感染率有关。结果还显示 ,山西省吸毒人群的HCV基因型的分布与从业人员较一致 ,均以 1b型为主 ( 78 9% ) ,其次为 2a型 ( 15 8% )和 1b/2a混合型 ( 5 3% ) ;未检出 1b型、2b型和 3a型。结论 :该吸毒人群中HCV基因以 1b型占优势。其分布与南方城市和本省的其他人群相近[6 ] 。血途径仍是HCV感染的主要途径 ,但经口吸毒在HCV传
Objective: To understand the prevalence and gene distribution of hepatitis C virus (HCV) in drug users and to explore the rules of HCV transmission. Methods: Two hundred and seventy serum samples from 5 76 drug addicts in Shanghai compulsory drug rehabilitation center and practitioners in our hospital were collected. All the samples were tested for anti-HCV by ELISA method. Anti-HCV positive sera were detected by specific primers RT-PCR method for genotyping. Results: Among the 76 samples, the detection rate of anti-HCV (13 8%) was significantly higher in drug users who were drugged through the blood route (intravenous drug use, shared syringes) or had a history of blood transfusions and blood products 6 3%), indicating that intravenous drug use, sharing syringe drug use, blood products, blood transfusion are all risk factors for HCV infection. The detection rate of anti-HCB by oral drug users was significantly higher than that of practitioners, suggesting that oral drug use is of great importance in transmitting HCV. In addition, the detection rate of anti-HCV among local drug addicts was significantly lower (57.7%) than that of other provinces (27.7%). In other provinces, 93.3% of them were infected with HCV, In the same way, drug users were infected, and only 86% of them were infected with HCV; this may be related to the high prevalence of infection in cities in other provinces. The results also showed that the distribution of HCV genotypes of drug users in Shanxi Province was more consistent with that of practitioners, with type 1b (78.9%), followed by 2a (15.8%) and 1b / 2a (53% %); 1b, 2b and 3a were not detected. Conclusion: HCV genotype 1b predominates in this drug user population. Its distribution is similar to other populations in southern cities and in the province [6]. The bloodstream is still the main route of HCV infection, but oral drug use is transmitted in HCV