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试验以“紫光”茄子为试材,设膜下滴灌和常规畦灌两个处理,研究不同灌溉方式对设施茄子栽培土壤微生物和酶以及茄子产量和品质的影响。结果表明,滴灌能显著提高土壤中细菌和放线菌的数量,较畦灌分别高45.25%和79.48%;显著增大B/F值,使土壤向病害发生轻的“细菌型”土壤转化。滴灌能显著提高蔗糖酶和碱性磷酸酶活性,较畦灌分别高47.05%和24.00%;滴灌处理0~40 cm土层土壤脲酶和过氧化氢酶活性显著比畦灌高,增幅分别为49.33%~64.38%和16.69%~30.08%。滴灌能显著提高茄子收获前期产量,改善果实品质,果实的可溶性糖和Vc含量分别较畦灌处理提高5.81%和4.75%。因此,膜下滴灌是有效改善土壤环境、提高茄子产量和品质的灌溉方式。
In this experiment, “purple” eggplant was used as test material, and two treatments of drip irrigation under film and conventional irrigation were conducted to study the effects of different irrigation methods on the yield and quality of soil microbes, enzymes and eggplant in cultivation of eggplants. The results showed that drip irrigation could significantly increase the amount of bacteria and actinomycetes in soil, which was 45.25% and 79.48% higher than that in irrigation respectively. Significant increase of B / F value resulted in the transformation of soil into light “bacterial” soil . Drip irrigation significantly increased invertase and alkaline phosphatase activities, which were 47.05% and 24.00% higher than those of 畦 irrigation respectively. Soil urease and catalase activities of 0-40 cm soil layer of drip irrigation were significantly higher than those of 畦 irrigation, respectively, with the increase rates of 49.33% 64.38% and 16.69% ~ 30.08%. Drip irrigation can significantly increase the yield of early stage of eggplant harvest and improve the fruit quality. The content of soluble sugar and Vc in fruit increased by 5.81% and 4.75%, respectively. Therefore, drip irrigation is an effective way to improve the soil environment and improve the yield and quality of eggplant irrigation.