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武汉汽轮发电机厂1981年曾亏损240多万元,1982年扭亏为盈,并已连继8年获得经济效益的“超常规增长”,今年的利税将突破8000万元。在企业由衰变兴的过程中,我们既没有向国家要投资、找银行要贷款,也没有增加人员和设备,而是运用马克思主义的世界观和方法论,坚持从国情和厂情实际出发,把发扬艰苦奋斗的光荣传统与采用现代科技成果辩证地统一起来,在继承的基础上发展,在发展的过程中继承,对老企业实行“制宜”的配套技术改造,以成本价值的少投入获得使用价值的多产出,闯出了一条老企业技术改造的成功之路。 一、老企业技术改造的科学思想基础 我们进行老企业技术改造的实践,首先是按照马克思主义的世界观和方法论,确立了以下三点认识: 一是基于对国情和厂情实际的认真体察。我国经济和我们的企业要提高效益,加速发展,迎接世界技术革命的挑战,改变贫穷落后的面貌,就必须把科技进步和艰苦奋斗放在突出的位置上。从我们的基本国情出发,有两大特点必须重视:一方面,我们是个贫穷落后的发展中国家,不可能靠花钱买个现代化; 另一方面,又有几十年来以大量投资形成的企业资产,应该更好地发挥作用。经过几十年的发展,我国虽然已初步形成了门类齐全的工业体系,但很多企业都面临着设备陈旧、技术老化的问题,如果靠
Wuhan Steam Turbine Plant had lost more than 240 million yuan in 1981, turned losses into profits in 1982, and has achieved “ultra-normal growth” in economic benefits for eight consecutive years. This year’s profits and taxes will exceed 80 million yuan. In the process of corporate decline, we have not invested in the country, sought loans from banks, and did not increase personnel and equipment. Instead, we have applied the Marxist world outlook and methodology, persisted in proceeding from the actual conditions of the country and the conditions of the factory, and carried it forward. The glorious tradition of hard struggle is dialectically united with the use of modern scientific and technological achievements. It develops on the basis of inheritance, inherits from the process of development, and implements the “advanced” technological transformation of old enterprises, and uses less cost and less input. The multi-output of value has brought out a successful road to technological transformation of old companies. First, the scientific ideological foundation of the old enterprise technology transformation We practice the old enterprise technology transformation, first of all, in accordance with the Marxist world outlook and methodology, established the following three points of understanding: First, based on the reality of the national conditions and the actual situation of the factory. Our country’s economy and our enterprises must improve their efficiency, accelerate their development, meet the challenges of the world’s technological revolution, and change the face of poverty and backwardness. We must put scientific and technological progress and arduous struggle in a prominent position. From our basic national conditions, there are two major characteristics that must be considered: On the one hand, we are a poor and backward developing country. It is impossible to buy a modernization by spending money. On the other hand, there are enterprises that have been formed with massive investments for decades. Assets should work better. After decades of development, although China has initially formed a complete industrial system, many enterprises are facing the problems of obsolete equipment and aging technology.