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语言作为人们的交际工具,总是在具体的环境中形成展开的,一个个句子所表达的意义都与一定的语言环境息息相关。脱离语言环境,句子就只能作为静态解剖的对象,具有词义加语法构造的意义,很难说它能代表特定的什么说话用意。 就说“你还没死啊”这个句子罢,它是一个感叹句,主语、状语、谓语一应俱全。可是它究竟是表达惊奇、惊喜、厌恶还是诅咒的感情?孤立地怎么看,也看不清楚。只有当语境是“在棋馆儿里头,棋友们见面打招呼”的时候(俞敏《我要说的四个意思》,见高中语文第六册第一单元的“单元知识和训练”),由于“熟不拘礼”的作用,才用来表示亲热友好的问好意思。 所以,全面探讨语境对句意的取向作用,实
As people’s communication tools, language is always formed in a specific environment. The meaning expressed by each sentence is closely related to a certain language environment. From the linguistic environment, sentences can only be used as objects of static anatomy, with the meaning of lexical meaning and grammatical construction. It is difficult to say that it can represent a specific meaning of speech. Just say “You’re not dead yet”. It’s an exclamation, subject, adverbial, predicate. However, whether it expresses surprise, surprise, disgust, or curse, it is not clear what to look at in isolation. Only when the context is “in the chess hall and the chess players meet and say hello” (Yu Min, “I have to say four meanings”, see “Unit Knowledge and Training” in Unit 1 of the High School Chinese Language Booklet). Due to the role of “professionalism”, it was only used to express affectionateness and friendlyness. Therefore, to fully explore the role of context in the orientation of sentence meanings,