本文对黄土母质发育的6个黄棕壤和3个黄褐土剖面的属性指标进行了测试分析。结果表明:黄棕壤和黄褐土可归属铁硅铝土纲,诊断层为铁硅铝层,其诊断指标为游离氧化铁含量>2％,粘土矿物组成以2:1型的伊利石为主,其它诊断特性还有土壤的粘粒比值、粘粒阳离子交换量、粘粒硅铝率及微形态特征等。土壤的pH和盐基饱和度是划分黄棕壤与黄褐土的有效诊断指标。黄褐土诊断层指标以pH>6.8较《二稿》中pH>7更为合适,而且可以补充“盐基饱和度(pH8.2)≥80％这项指标。黄棕壤与黄褐土在土类级给予明确区分是合适的。 In this paper, six yellow brown soil loess parental development and three yellow cinnamon soil profile indicators were tested and analyzed. The results show that the yellow brown soil and the yellow cinnamon soil belong to the FeSiSiO3 framework, and the diagnostic layer is Sendust. Its diagnostic index is> 2% of the free iron oxide, and the illite with the 2: 1 type of clay minerals is Lord, other diagnostic features are soil clay ratio, clay particle exchange capacity, clay particle size and micromorphology characteristics. Soil pH and basal saturation are effective diagnostic indicators for the classification of yellow-brown soil and yellow-brown soil. The indicators of the diagnostic horizon of yellow soil are more suitable for pH> 6.8 than pH> 7 in “second draft”, and can supplement the index of "basal saturation (pH8.2) ≥80% It is appropriate to give a clear distinction between soil classes.