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[目的]了解上海市闵行区社区人群中菌痢、病毒性肝炎等重点传染病的知晓水平和行为状况,探讨综合性健康教育干预内容,评价干预效果。[方法]采用PPS抽样方法,在上海市闵行区颛桥镇抽取2个社区,对社区居民实施半年的相关传染病综合性健康教育。分别于干预前后对所有干预的居民进行相关知识的问卷调查,通过比较干预前后居民的相关传染病知识知晓率和相关行为正确率的变化,评价健康教育效果。[结果]干预后居民相关重点传染病相关知识的知晓率及相关正确的行为意向认知率均有显著提高(P﹤0.05),但对经常吃熟食、隔夜菜的行为意向仍保持较高比率,分别为41.98%(本地居民)和51.26%(外来人群);安全套使用的行为认知率仍很低,分别为26.72%(本地居民)和42.02%(外来人群)。[结论]传染病综合性健康教育效果明显.但要真正改变人们行为,实现由知识的获得、态度的转变到行为实践的飞跃,仍需要进行长期广泛而持续的健康教育工作。
[Objective] To understand the level of awareness and behavioral status of major infectious diseases such as bacillary dysentery and viral hepatitis in Minhang District, Shanghai, and to explore the intervention content of comprehensive health education and evaluate the effect of intervention. [Methods] PPS sampling method was used to extract 2 communities from Zhuanqiao Town, Minhang District, Shanghai, and implemented a comprehensive health education on infectious diseases for 6 months for community residents. Respectively before and after the intervention of all intervention residents surveyed the relevant knowledge, by comparing residents before and after the knowledge of infectious disease awareness and related behavior changes in the correct rate, evaluation of health education effectiveness. [Result] The awareness rate of relevant knowledge of infectious diseases and the correct cognition rate of behavioral intention were significantly higher after intervention (P <0.05), but the intention of eating cooked food and overnight food still maintained a high rate , 41.98% (local residents) and 51.26% (foreign residents) respectively. The awareness of condom use was still very low, accounting for 26.72% (local residents) and 42.02% (foreign residents) respectively. [Conclusion] Comprehensive health education for communicable diseases has obvious effect, but it still needs long-term extensive and continuous health education to truly change people’s behavior and achieve the leap from knowledge acquisition and attitude change to behavioral practice.