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腹膜后间隙（ｒｅｔｒｏｐｅｒｉｔｏｎｅａｌ ｓｐａｃｅ） 的放射解剖学研究，大致可分为三个阶段：以解剖学家Ｃｏｎｇｄｏｎ 为代表的侧重于筋膜结构的纯解剖观察（４０ － ６０ 年代） ；以放射学家Ｍｅｙｅｒｓ 为代表的放射解剖学研究，提出了肾旁前、肾周、肾旁后间隙的腹膜后间隙的新的解剖划分（６０ 年代至８０ 年代中期） ；以放射学家为主，也包括一部分解剖学家，在Ｍｅｙｅｒｓ 的腹膜后间隙解剖划分的框架基础上，提出了不少新见解，对Ｍｅｙｅｒｓ 的解剖学认识和概念，进行了丰富、补充和修正（８０ 年代中期至今） 。新近研究主要集中在腹膜后间隙的横向和纵向通连关系上。讲座将结合文献复习和部分实际病例从肾旁前间隙、肾周间隙、肾旁后间隙及其它方面介绍横向通连情况；从向上和向下两方面介绍纵向通连情况。熟悉腹膜后间隙放射解剖学研究进展，将有利于提高对发生于腹膜后间隙的疾病局部及扩散途径的影像学表现和解剖基础的认识，从而也有利于提高腹膜后间隙疾病影像学诊断水平。
Radiographic anatomy of the retroperitoneal space can be divided into three stages: a pure anatomical observation (40-60 years) focusing on the fascia, represented by the anatomist Congdon; a radiologist Meyers As the representative of the radiological anatomy, proposed a new anatomical division of the retroperitoneal space of the perirenal, perirenal, and perineal spaces (from the 1960s to the mid-1980s); mainly radiologists, including part of the anatomy Based on Meyers ’anatomical framework of the retroperitoneal space, many new insights have been put forward that enrich and complement Meyers’ anatomy and concepts (from the mid-1980s to the present). Recent studies have focused on the retroperitoneal space transverse and longitudinal connections. The lecture will include a review of the literature and some actual cases of transverse connectives from the anterior renal peritoneal space, perirenal space, retroperitoneal space, and other aspects; longitudinal uptake will be described both upwardly and downwardly. Being familiar with the research progress of radioatomical anatomy of retroperitoneal space will help to improve the understanding of the imaging and anatomical basis of the local and diffuse pathways of the diseases that occur in the retroperitoneal space. It will also help to improve the imaging diagnosis of retroperitoneal space diseases.