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目的:研究吉大港区学龄前儿童的眼病发生率情况。方法:随机横断面抽样调查,研究孟加拉吉大港区学龄前儿童的眼病发生率。对60所托儿所4~6岁学龄前儿童进行记录,走访且检查眼睛。根据性别、年龄、视力障碍和眼部疾病的诱因,分析所获得的数据。结果:对60所托儿所共计900例学龄前儿童进行检查,其中男性儿童占52.6%,女性儿童占47.4%。年龄范围为4~6岁不等。平均年龄为5.47±0.64。在学龄前儿童中,眼病发生率为16.89%,通常疾病为7.66%儿童存在屈光不正,其次3.66%患结膜炎,2.77%患睑缘炎,1.66%患鼻泪管阻塞(NDO),0.88%患感染性结膜炎,0.33%患麦粒肿,0.44%患睑板腺囊肿。其中1.11%患弱视,0.77%患斜视,0.11%患发育性白内障,0.33%患角膜混浊,是一个值得关注的问题。结论:研究学龄前儿童的眼病发生率可以很容易地确定可持续视力筛查方案,如果及时采取治疗能够有效降低眼部疾病的患病率和视力障碍。目前的研究表明,未对屈光不正进行矫正是学龄前儿童视力障碍的主要原因。
Objective: To study the incidence of eye diseases in pre-school children in Chittagong district. Methods: A randomized cross-sectional sampling study was conducted to study the incidence of eye disease in preschool children in Chittagong, Bangladesh. Sixty preschool children aged 4-6 years were recorded, interviewed and eyes examined. The data obtained were analyzed based on the causes of sex, age, visual impairment and eye disease. Results: A total of 900 preschool children were examined in 60 nurseries, including 52.6% for males and 47.4% for females. Age range of 4 to 6 years old. The average age was 5.47 ± 0.64. In pre-school children, the incidence of eye disease was 16.89%, with a common disease of 7.66%. There were refractive errors in children, followed by 3.66% with conjunctivitis, 2.77% with blepharitis, 1.66% with nasolacrimal duct obstruction (NDO), 0.88 % Of patients with infectious conjunctivitis, 0.33% of the sty and 0.44% of the meibomian cyst. Among them, 1.11% had amblyopia, 0.77% had strabismus, 0.11% had developmental cataract, and 0.33% had corneal opacity. This is a concern. Conclusion: The study of pre-school children’s incidence of eye disease can easily determine sustainable vision screening programs, if prompt treatment can effectively reduce the prevalence of eye diseases and visual impairment. The current study shows that no correction of refractive errors is the main reason for presbyopic children with visual impairment.