血液透析是治疗尿毒症患者的重要替代疗法,近年来国内透析治疗的病人逐渐增多,随着透析时间的延长,势必会出现一些由透析治疗本身引起的远期并发症。提高对这类并发症的认识并早期诊断采取预防措施,可延长透析病人的存活时间。本文仅对长期透析患者出现的神经和骨并发症作一综述。 Hemodialysis is an important alternative treatment for patients with uremia. In recent years, the number of patients receiving dialysis in our country has gradually increased. As dialysis time is prolonged, some long-term complications caused by dialysis treatment are bound to occur. Increasing awareness of these complications and early diagnosis and preventive measures may prolong the survival of dialysis patients. This article reviews only the neurological and bone complications that occur in long-term dialysis patients.