目的:分析老年发病类风湿关节炎（EORA）与青壮年发病类风湿关节炎（YORA）在临床表现、实验室检查以及治疗方面的差别。方法:收集2013年1月至2018年12月于北京大学第三医院风湿免疫科住院的类风湿关节炎（RA）患者的临床资料、实验室检查及治疗情况，分析EORA组与YORA组临床特点的差异，以更好地指导EORA患者的临床诊治。正态分布定量资料组间比较采用n t检验。n 结果:共纳入481例RA患者，其中EORA组137例（28.5%），YORA组344例（71.5%）。患者年龄19~87（59±14）岁，男123例（25.6%），女358例（74.4%）。EORA组男性占比更高（36.5%比21.2%，χn 2=12.012，n P<0.01），病程更短（n Z=-7.985，n P<0.01）。EORA组28个关节疾病活动度评分（DAS28）更高（5.6±1.3比5.2±1.6，n t=2.549，n P<0.05），合并胸腔积液者及合并间质性肺疾病（ILD）者更多（χn 2=7.550、7.797，均n P<0.05）。EORA组合并静脉血栓、高血压、糖尿病、脑血管病、冠心病（CHD）、外周动脉粥样硬化、白内障的比率均高于YORA组（均n P<0.05）。EORA组红细胞沉降率（ESR）、D-Dimer亦水平更高（均n P<0.05）。EORA组应用糖皮质激素比率更高，应用甲氨蝶呤以及肿瘤坏死因子（TNF）-α抑制剂的比率均更低（χn 2=5.271、8.407、9.356，均n P<0.05）。n 结论:EORA组与YORA组相比，男性占比更高，病情活动度更高，更易合并胸腔积液、ILD、静脉血栓、高血压病、糖尿病、脑血管病、CHD、外周动脉粥样硬化及白内障。“,”Objective:To compare the clinical and laboratory characteristics and therapy methods of elderly onset rheumatoid arthritis (EORA) and younger onset rheumatoid arthritis (YORA).Methods:The clinical, laboratory and therapeutic data of 481 RA patients in the Department of Rheumatology and Immunology in Peking University Third Hospital from January 2013 to December 2018 were collected and used to analyze the difference of characteristics between EORA group and YORA group, which might be useful for better diagnosis and treatment of EORA patients. Quantitative data of normal distribution were compared with n t test between the two groups.n Results:There were 481 patients in this cohort, of which 137(28.5%) were EORA, 344(71.5%) were YORA, with a mean age of (59±14) years (19-87 years). There were 358 females (74.4%) and 123 males (25.6%). The percentage of male patients was obviously higher in EORA group (36.5% vs 21.2%, χ n 2=12.012, n P<0.01), and the average disease course was obviously shorter (n Z=-7.985, n P<0.01). Disease Activity Score 28 (DAS28) score was higher in EORA group (5.6±1.3 vs 5.2±1.6, n t=2.549, n P<0.05), meanwhile the incidences of pleural effusion and interstitial lung disease (ILD) were higher (6.6% vs 1.7%, 29.9% vs 18.3%, respectively; χ n 2=7.550, 7.797, both n P<0.05). The incidences of venous thrombosis, primary hypertension, diabetes mellitus, cerebrovascular disease, coronary heart disease (CHD), peripheral atherosclerosis and cataract in EORA group were all significantly higher than those in YORA group (all n P<0.05). Erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) and D-Dimer in EORA group were all remarkably higher (both n P<0.05). The rate of using glucocorticoid in EORA group was higher but the rate of using methotrexate and anti-tumor necrosis factor-α agents were lower (χn 2=5.271, 8.407, 9.356, all n P<0.05).n Conclusion:Compared to YORA group, the percentage of male patients and disease activity of EORA group are higher. The occurrence of pleural effusion, ILD, venous thrombosis, primary hypertension, diabetes mellitus, cerebrovascular disease, CHD, peripheral atherosclerosis and cataract in EORA group are higher than those in YORA group.