口腔是多种复杂菌群常居的所在。经过几乎1个世纪的研究,到目前只了解到几种细菌和龋病关系密切。但与口腔内主要两大常见病——龋病和牙周病发病有关的细菌并不只在疾病部位存在,并且它们中的大多数均为口腔正常菌丛生态系内的常居菌。因此,所采用的分离培养技术对所研究的结论有重要影响。往往因为采样技术,分离程序和培养条件上的不恰当而导致错误的结论。为此,对主要致龋菌的分离和培养进行扼要的讨论。一、采样技术 1、采样部位的选择由于已知口腔内不同部位的菌丛成份不同,而且人类和啮齿类动物的致龋菌主要群集于牙齿表面,所以牙表面为采样的主要部位。McNamara~1对23名全部切牙存在的健康人采集上下切牙唇面和邻面的菌斑发现产酸最高的乳杆菌主要见于上切牙邻面菌斑,产酸较少的链球菌多见于上颌切牙唇面。革兰氏阳性和阴性丝状菌多见 Oral cavity is where a variety of complex flora live. After almost a century of research, so far only learned that several bacteria and dental caries are closely related. However, the bacteria that are associated with the two most common diseases of the oral cavity - caries and periodontal disease - do not exist only at the site of the disease, and most of them are habitual bacteria in the oral normal flora ecosystem. Therefore, the technique of isolation and culture has a significant impact on the conclusions of the study. Often resulting in erroneous conclusions due to inadequate sampling techniques, separation procedures and culture conditions. To this end, the major cariogenic bacteria isolation and culture for a brief discussion. First, the sampling technology 1, the sampling site selection As known to different parts of the oral flora of different composition, and human and rodent cariogenic bacteria mainly clustered in the tooth surface, so the tooth surface for the sampling of the main parts. McNamara ~ 1 collected plaque on the upper and lower incisors' labial and adjacent faces from 23 healthy volunteers of all incisors found that the highest acidogenic lactobacillus was mainly found on the upper placenta plaque, Found in the maxillary incisor face. Gram-positive and negative filamentous bacteria more common