历史上往往有这种情形,一个学术流派或思潮的命名往往由其对立流派的“诬陷”或歪曲得致。比如俄国形式主义,草创之初就是由一些对他们知之甚少、又十分反感的“对手”命名的。而圈里人则一直耿耿于怀,竭力辩驳,再三声明“我们不是形式主义者”云云。当代美国的新保守主义也是如此。对手玩了个童稚黄口也稔熟的把戏,轻而易举地便给对方戴上一顶高帽,完成了一次“欲置对手于死地”的“命名”,即西方人所谓的“贴标签”,于是一批人被判为“保守主义者”,引起一片愤愤的抵牾之喧。 This is often the case in history, where the naming of an academic genre or trend of thought is often “framed” or distorted by its opposition genres. Such as Russian formalism, the beginning of grassroots by some of them know little about them, but also very offensive “opponents” named. The circle of people has been to heart, trying to argue, repeatedly stated that “we are not formalists” and so on. The same is true of neo-conservatism in contemporary America. Opponents played a childish yellow mouth is also familiar with the game, easily give each other to wear a high hat, completed a “desire to put his opponent to death,” the “naming” Westerners called “labeling” So a group of people were convicted as “conservatives,” causing an uproar of opposition.