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生物学是一门实验科学,观察和实验是研究生物学的重要方法,生物教师必须加强实验教学.搞好生物实验教学,务须从备好课和上好课入手,而认真备课写好实验教案,更是关键的关键.要备好实验课,必须狠抓下列环节.第一、明确实验目的要求.无论是演示实验或是学生实验,都离不开验证基础知识和培养基本技能两大要求.初中生物第一个实验“显微镜的构造和使用”是以训练基本技能为主.而“观察根的结构”则是以验证基础知识为主的实验.高中生物第一个实验“观察植物细胞的有丝分裂”,既要验证基础知识,又要训练基本技能,即不仅要掌握洋葱根尖培养和装片怎样制作的知识,而且训练学生怎样使用高倍显微镜和如何绘生物图的方法.因此我们对每一个实验,首先要明确实验教学目的,并需提出具体可行的要求.
Biology is an experimental science. Observing and experimenting are important methods for studying biology. Biology teachers must strengthen experimental teaching. To do a good job in biological experiment teaching, it is necessary to start from the prepared lesson and the good lesson, and earnestly prepare lessons to write experimental lesson plans. The key is the key. To prepare for an experimental course, you must pay close attention to the following steps. First, specify the requirements of the experiment. Whether it is a demonstration experiment or a student experiment, it is inseparable from the two basic requirements for verifying the basic knowledge and the basic skills of the medium. The first experiment of junior high school biology “Microscope construction and use” is based on training basic skills. The “observation of the structure of the root” is based on the verification of basic knowledge. The first experiment of high school biology “observation of plants “The mitosis of cells” is not only to verify basic knowledge, but also to train basic skills, that is, not only to master the knowledge of how the onion root tips are cultivated and loaded, but also to train students on how to use high-power microscopes and how to draw biological images. Therefore, we For each experiment, we must first clarify the purpose of experiment teaching, and need to put forward specific and feasible requirements.