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目的分析血液透析患者动—静脉内瘘的常见并发症。方法回顾性分析175例血液透析患者的临床资料。其中,76例采用动—静脉内瘘(内瘘组),99例采用其他血液净化通路(非内瘘组)。比较两组相关并发症的发生率,分析内瘘组并发症相关因素。结果随访1年,内瘘组并发症发生率低于非内瘘组(21.05% vs.34.34%)(P<0.05)。内瘘组发生血栓8例(10.53%)、吻合口狭窄7例(9.21%)、血管瘤样扩张5例(6.57%)、动脉窃血综合征3例(3.95%)、感染3例(3.95%)、静脉高压1例(1.32%)。单因素分析提示,高龄和糖尿病与动-静脉内瘘相关并发症密切相关。结论血液透析患者中,动-静脉内瘘患者较其他血液净化通路者的并发症相对少见。血栓形成是动-静脉内瘘患者的多见并发症,需要注意预防和及时处理。
Objective To analyze the common complications of arteriovenous fistula in hemodialysis patients. Methods The clinical data of 175 hemodialysis patients were retrospectively analyzed. Among them, 76 cases used arteriovenous fistula (fistula group), 99 cases used other blood purification pathways (non-fistula group). Comparing the incidence of complications related to the two groups, analysis related factors of complications of fistula group. Results One year follow-up showed that the complication rate in fistula group was lower than that in non-fistula group (21.05% vs.34.34%, P <0.05). There were 8 cases (10.53%) of thrombosis, 7 cases of anastomotic stenosis (9.21%), 5 cases of angioedema (6.57%), 3 cases of arterial steal syndrome (3.95%) and 3 cases %), 1 case of venous hypertension (1.32%). Univariate analysis showed that age and diabetes were closely related to arteriovenous fistula-related complications. Conclusion Among the hemodialysis patients, the patients with arteriovenous fistula are more likely to have complications than those with other blood purification pathways. Thrombosis is a common complication of arteriovenous fistula patients, need to pay attention to prevention and timely treatment.