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目的了解老人的生活质量现况及其影响因素,为进一步提高老年人生活质量,实现健康老龄化提供科学依据。方法采用多阶段随机整群抽样的方法对来自北京市海淀区的1 850名老年人进行调查,利用生活质量评定简表(SF-36)和社会支持评定量表来测量社区老年人的生活质量以及社会支持状况。结果有效调查人数为1 809名,年龄在61～91岁之间,平均年龄为70.7岁。广义线性回归分析结果表明增龄、罹患疾病和移居经历均可导致老年人的生活质量下降;而与配偶同住、提高文化水平、积极参与社会活动以及获得社会支持则有助于从不同方面提高老年人的生活质量。结论老人的生活质量受诸多因素的影响,应该从社会和家庭多方面努力,提高老年人的心理和生理健康水平。
Objective To understand the current situation of the quality of life of the elderly and its influencing factors, so as to provide a scientific basis for further improving the quality of life of the elderly and achieving healthy aging. Methods A total of 1 850 seniors from Haidian District of Beijing were investigated by multistage randomized cluster sampling. The quality of life of the elderly in the community was measured by the quality of life assessment summary table (SF-36) and social support rating scale As well as the status of social support. Results The number of valid polls was 1,809, ranging in age from 61 to 91 with an average age of 70.7 years. Generalized linear regression analysis showed that aging, suffering from illness and migratory experience can lead to the decline of the quality of life of the elderly; while living with spouses, raising literacy, active participation in social activities and social support will help improve in different aspects The quality of life of the elderly. Conclusion The quality of life of the elderly is affected by many factors and efforts should be made from the community and family to improve the psychological and physical health of the elderly.