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分蘖是禾本科牧草生长发育过程中在茎秆基部节上产生的独立于主干的一种特殊分枝特性,为禾本科牧草的重要农艺性状之一,直接影响牧草的产草量和种子产量。分蘖的发生是一个非常复杂的过程,主要受自然条件、内源激素、遗传特性等因素的影响。文章综述了禾本科牧草分蘖的形成,光照、温度、种植密度等外部环境因素与内部的生长素、细胞分裂素等内源激素及遗传因素对分蘖的影响及调控机理,为禾本科牧草的分蘖调控机制的深入研究、高产栽培技术及优质牧草新品种培育奠定基础。
Tillering is a branch-independent special branch characteristic of stem grass during the growth and development of gramineous pasture. It is one of the important agronomic traits of gramineous pasture and directly affects the herbage yield and seed yield. The occurrence of tillers is a very complex process, mainly affected by natural conditions, endogenous hormones, genetic characteristics and other factors. This paper summarized the effects of external environmental factors such as light and temperature, planting density and other internal environmental factors such as tillering, illumination, temperature and planting density on the tillering and the regulation of endogenous hormones and genetic factors such as auxin and cytokinin, Depth study of regulatory mechanisms, high-yielding cultivation techniques and breeding new varieties of good forage.