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磺胺类药物在临床应用已有40余年,在抗菌药物中占有重要地位。临床上主要用于治疗脑膜炎、肺炎、泌尿系统感染等疾病。随着它们的广泛应用,所发现的毒副反应也显著增加,有的甚至可带来严重后果。现把磺胺噻唑(ST)、磺胺甲基嘧啶(SM_1)和长效磺胺(SMP)药物反应的部分报道综合如下。(1)肾脏反应:因为磺胺药主要从肾脏排出,尿中浓度较高,而人的尿液一般为酸性尿,所以药物易在肾小管中析出结晶,产生血尿、尿闭等症状。贺振全等报道,有7例患者因为服用磺胺药,以致出现磺胺结晶引起的尿闭,其中有3例患者服用了 ST。(2)过敏反应:一般在服磺胺药后1周左右可出现药热、药疹。
Sulfa drugs in clinical applications for more than 40 years, occupies an important position in the antimicrobial drugs. Clinically mainly for the treatment of meningitis, pneumonia, urinary tract infections and other diseases. With their widespread use, the toxic effects they find are also significantly increased, with some even having serious consequences. A partial report of the reaction of sulfathiazole (ST), sulfamerazine (SM_1) and long-acting sulfonamide (SMP) drugs is now summarized below. (1) Kidney reaction: Because sulfa drug is mainly excreted from the kidneys, urine concentration is higher, while human urine is generally acidic urine, so drugs precipitated in the renal tubule crystallization, resulting in hematuria, urine and other symptoms. He Zhenquan and other reports, 7 patients because of taking sulfa drugs, resulting in sulfa crystallization caused by urinary incontinence, of which 3 patients took ST. (2) anaphylaxis: generally taking sulfa drugs after about 1 week there may be drug fever, drug eruption.